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HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN ISLETS OF LANGERHANS OF PANCREAS IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS FOLLOWING EGYPTIAN HONEY BEE VENOM TREATMENTS

Dina Elkotby, Ahmed K. Hassan, Rasha Emad and Iman Bahgat

Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disease which is characterized by hyperglycemia, altered metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins with an increased risk of much complication such as vascular diseases. During the past few years many bioactive drugs have been isolated from natural extracts. This work aimed to investigate the possible anti-diabetic effect of Egyptian honey bee venom (BV) treatments in the alloxan-induced diabetic rats via studying pancreas structure abnormalties and tissue damage biomarkers. 40 adult albino rats (140-180 g) were injected intraperitoneally for 6 weeks and divided into five main groups each of 8mice. The control group was injected with physiological saline solution (0.9% NaCl), diabetic group was injected with a single dose of alloxan solution (120 mg/kg), high and low dose BV treated groups were injected at a daily dose of 2 mg/kg and 1mg/kg BV after induction of diabetes respectively, and vildagliptin (Galvus 50) treated group was injected at a daily dose 10 mg/kg vildagliptin after induction of diabetes. Microscopic histopathological examination of pancreatic tissues showed marked decrease in the islets of Langerhans size accompanied with a significant decrease in the number of β-cells, insulin secreting cells, in the diabetic group. These abnormalities were healed after treatment of diabetic rats with BV which could have the ability to regenerate beta cells of islets of Langerhans. Along with these findings, the present study could certify that the bee venom normalized the various biochemical and histological abnormalities resulted due to diabetes metabolic disorders.