Abstrait

Association of ABO blood group with oral cancer: An institutional study.

Jagadheeswari Ramamoorthy*, Santhosh Kumar

Objectives: Oral Cancer is characterized by abnormal growth of cells which have the ability to invade the adjacent tissues and sometimes even distant organs. It has multifactorial etiology and is significantly associated with risk factors of the individual's lifestyle, particularly, chronic use of tobacco, spicy food, alcohol and smoking. Blood groups may directly or indirectly affect the susceptibility of the individual to oral cancer. The present study was done to correlate ABO blood groups with the occurrence of oral cancer and evaluate the risk. Materials and Methods: This is a Retrospective cross sectional study conducted in a University setting. The data of patients with oral cancer was retrieved from the case sheets. The necessary data such as Age, Gender, Blood group and site of cancerous lesion were collected and tabulated in Excel. The tabulated data from Excel was imported to SPSS for statistical analysis. p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In this study, the age group of 40-60 years were more susceptible to oral cancer (72%). 78% of patients were males and 22% were females. Oral cancer was more prevalent among males than females. Among the total patients, buccal mucosa was found to be the most common site of oral cancer (29%) followed by posterior 1/3rd of the tongue (21%) and anterior 1/3rd of the tongue (18%). In males, the most common site of oral cancer was Buccal mucosa. In females, anterior 2/3rd of the tongue was found to be the most common site of oral cancer. Majority of the oral cancer patients belong to the B blood group (46%), therefore patients with B blood group were more susceptible to oral cancer. Conclusion: As the study indicates the susceptibility of B blood group followed by A blood group to the development of oral cancer, awareness needs to be spread among the mass. Early and regular cancer screening has to be advised to the patients of susceptible blood groups if any known and established etiologic factor like tobacco or alcohol abuse is found.