Abstrait

Anti-β2-Glycoprotein I Autoantibody Expression as a Potential Biomarker for Strokes in Patients with Anti-Phospholipid Syndrome

Husham Bayazed

This study sought to determine the frequency rates of anti- cardiolipin (aCL) dependent on the presence of β2-GPI, anti-β2-glycoprotein I (aβ2-GPI), and anti-phosphatidyl serine (aPS) IgG autoantibodies among stroke patients, and thus demonstrate the importance of testing for aβ2-GPI autoantibodies. All cases were under 50 years-of-age and had no recognizable risk factors. Using ELISA to evaluate the presence of IgG isotype of aCL, aβ2-GPI, and aPS autoantibodies in their blood, the results indicated that the frequency of aβ2-GPI was 14/50 (28%), aCL was 11/50 (22%), and aPS was 9/50 (18%) among stroke patients. In contrast, aCL was detected in 2/30 (6.7%) of control subjects; each of the other anti- phospholipid antibodies (APLA) was never observed. Of all the aβ2-GPI+ cases, the incidence of stroke patients having the combined profile of aβ2-GPI + aCL was 11/14 (78.6%) and of aβ2-GPI + aPS was 9/14 (64.3%). Only 2/14 (14.3%) of these aβ2-GPI+ patients also expressed aCL in the absence of aPS. The frequency of patients expressing all three markers was only 9/14 (64.3 %). In none of the APS/stroke patients were aCL or aPS expressed in the absence of the aβ2-GPI. Conversely, aβ2- GPI as a sole marker was seen in 3/14 (21.4%) of these patients (i.e., in absence of either other marker). It was concluded from these studies that the among the three major forms of APLA examined, the presence of aβ2-GPI IgG autoantibodies appeared to correlate best with stroke in patients who were concurrently suffering APS.